"Landarea",allprivatelyownedlandusedforfarmingpurposesisincludedundercultivatedland,,thisspatial(physical)areaistherelevantmeasure.[2]DuringtheperiodunderstudyinTaiwan,partlybecausethecultivationofthelandatexternalmargins(arablebutnotprivatelyownedorcultivated)wouldyieldzeroorlowreturnsandmainlybecausetheexternalmarginswereownedbythestate,[3]theareaofcultivatedlandincreasedonlyslightly.Thisisshownintable3,,thatisnotthecaseforcroparea.[4]Toillustrate,supposethatoveraone-yearperiod,onlyonecropofriceisgrownononehectareofcultivatedland;,overthesamephysicalareaforthesame(one-year)period,thefarmerrotatesonecropofrice,onecropofsweetpotatoes,andone-halfcropofvegetables,thenthecropareawillbecountedastwoandone-halfhectares.[5]Inshort,croparearepresentstherateofcroprotationoyeragivenareaofcultivatedlandperperiodoftime,.Asisseenintable3,using1948asthebaseyear,,,reachingapeakof31.7percentincreasein1951;however,thecropareaforhorticulture(theareaharvested)decreased.[6],,buttoincreasetheyieldpercropbyusingbetterseeds,fertilizers,andpesticides,improvingirrigation,repairingfields,,,by"shortening"thegrowingtimerequiredforeachcropbyrelaying,interplanting,,,,withacorrespondingincreaseincroparea,;forexample,itcostsmoretorelayorinterplant(tosqueezein),whichperhapsincludesthefirst,isthathastemakesahighercost.[7]Unlikeincreasingdensity,wheretheyieldpercropareawillrise,,,,thedensityofplantingofthisricecropwouldbeincreased,,however,confirmationofourconclusion,thatthemarginalcostoftenantinputsisnecessarilygreaterthantheassociatedmarginalproduct,,onanotherowner-cultivatedfarm,,,theaveragecroparea(hectare)(1)resourcesweredrawnintoagriculturetotheextentthattheincreaseinriceyieldonthetenantfarmoutweighedthedecreaseinyieldontheownerfarm,or(2)ricewasdominantlytheintramarginalcropoftenantfarms.