首页其它《佃农理论》

第49章 《佃农理论》英语原著 (43)

Kleinisessentiallysayingthatthelandowner'srentalreceiptwasfixedaccordingtosomestandardafterthesharereduction,andthereforethetenant',anyincreaseintenantinputwillnotpay,,ifrentwerereducedtoafixedtotal,thetenantwouldnotinvestmoreintheexistingfarm;andeventhoughheiswillingtomitmoreinputtoacquiretheleaseright,,sinceitwillbetothelandowner',likeseveralothers,confusestwodifferentlaws:(1)thenew1951RentReductionAct,versus(2)theenforcementofat37.5percentwhichwascarriedoutinApril1949.Underthe1949provisions,theowner'ssharewasreducedto37.5percentoftheannualyield,,letmequicklydismissKlein'sinterpretationbyreferringtothejudgmentofthelawmaker.Writingin1951andspeakingofthe37.5percentmaximumrentalshareregulationsof1949,ChengChenstated:

Theenforcementoftheprogramtookonlyaperiodofthreemonths,fromApriltoJune1949,whennewcontractsweresignedItwasalmostincrediblethattheprogramwassosmoothlyputintoexecution.…Themostimportantfactorwasthatriceproductionincreasedby20percentin1949paredwiththepreviousyear,therebyinmostcasespreventingthelandlordsfromsufferinggreatlossesastheyreceivedapproximatelythesimilaramountoffoodstuffsasrentasbefore.[3]

Furthermore,accordingtotheofficialreport,inaparisonofthefirstphaseofTaiwanlandreformwithasimilarreformmeasurewhichbeganearlierinafewprovincesinmainlandChina,itisdiscernedthatthebasicdifferenceliesinthepercentagerateofreduction:InmainlandChinaitwasa25percentreductionoftheoriginalcontractualrentrates;inTaiwantherentalmaximumwasaflat37.5percentoftheyield''actuallyharvested."[4]Also,theenforcementofthesharerestrictioninTaiwanwasconductedbyinspectingtheyieldatharvesttime.[5]Iftherentalrestrictionwereindeedonafixedandnotapercentagebasis,theyieldneednotbecheckedatall.Letustracecarefullyhowthisrentalsharerestrictionhasbeenerroneouslyinterpretedasarentalrestrictionat37.5percentofafixedstandard.Turningtotheactualprovisionsof1949,wefind:

Beforethelandvalueisassessedaccordingtolaw,theleaseofallprivatefarmlandshallconformtotheorder…datedMarch29,1947,whichprovidesthattheamountoffarmrentshallnotexceed37.5percentofthetotalannualyieldofthemaincrops.Iftherentoriginallyagreedexceeds37.5percent,itshallbereducedto37.5percent;andifitislessthan37.5percent,.[6]

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