第55章 《佃农理论》英语原著 (49)
,theproductionofgreenmanurecropsdidnot.[7]Beforethesharerestriction,greenmanurecropswereseldomharvested,,however,,partofthecropswerenowharvested,processedincakeform,,,.[8]Itwasreportedthat,in1950,39.8percentoftheincreaseintenantinewasspentonfertilizers,14.2percentondraftanimals,,health,andmiscellaneousexpenditures,whicharebothconsumptionandinvestmentspending,theincreaseinpureconsumptionasapercentageoftheincreaseintenantineincluded7.3percentinfoodandclothingand2.3percentinamusement.[1].SeeShen,AgriculturalDevelopmentonTaiwan,pp.136-39,(housingwasusuallyprovidedbythelandowners).Thequalitativechangesinfertilizersrepresentedincreasingfarmingintensityandnotpensatingpayments.[2].DAF,Yearbook1952,-establishedtrendtowardtheincreasinguseofmercialfertilizersbefore1948.Ignoringthewaryearsbefore1947,therewasadecreaseinmercialfertilizerconsumptionof4.5percentfrom1947to1948,,whichmustnotbeconfusedwithfurtherincreasesinmercialfertilizersafter1953,,"TheTaiwanFertilizerIndustry,"p.3.[3].DAF,Yearbook1952,,whichdoesnotappeartobearelevantmeasure,thedecreaseinfarm-producedfertilizerswasslightlygreaterthantheincreaseinmercialfertilizers.[4].Ibid.,sec.5.C.[5].Shen,AgriculturalDevelopmentonTaiwan,pp.136-39,,"TheTaiwanFertilizerIndustry."
[6].DAF,Yearbook1952,sec.5.D.[7].Ibid.,sec.3.V.[8].TaiwanProvincialLandBureau,"Implementationofthe37.5percentFarmRentLimitationProgram,"mimeographed(1950),,,butallareputedsimplybyusinganarbitraryconstantasameasureoftheincreaseinthetenant',,,however,,,however,thatavailableevidencerelatedtoresourcereallocationisconsistentwiththeimplicationsofthehypothesisofincreasedfarmingintensity,"significant.".[1]Acceptingtheevidenceoninputadjustmentsaspresented,wemaydismisstheargumentswithwhichTaiwanreformofficialshaveclaimed"success."
Theirfirstlineofargumentrestsontheassertionthattenantcultivationhadbeeninefficientinitially,,theyargue,thetenant'sincentivetofarmisreduced,,tenantinputsmittedtolandhadbeen"insufficient"underafreemarket,withthemarginalproductsoftenantinputshigherthanthemarginalcosts,,thisargumentimpliesthataslongastherentalpercentageisgreaterthanzero,,however,,thehypothesisofincreasedfarmingintensityimplies"excessive",then,istheusefulhypothesis?

